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How Does Machine Espresso Work? The machine espresso is made using precision pressure, and filtering technology that is amazing to make the coffee you enjoy. What exactly is it that makes it work? Espresso is made by pushing hot water under high pressure through finely-ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However, the pressure is the primary difference. The Head of the Group As the name suggests, the group head is the place you insert your portafilter when making espresso. It disperses the water into the portafilter, and then controls the pressure of the extraction. There are various kinds of group head, each with their own advantages and drawbacks. Some are focused on temperature stability, others on pre-infusion capabilities, while others are designed to control the lever. Some have a combination, such as the E61. This is a popular choice among baristas because it offers multiple advantages in a single package. As you can see in the image above the head of the group is fitted with a variety of notches. It is possible to place your portafilter in these notches, then turn the head around to secure it. There is also a gasket of rubber in the notches and helps to create an airtight seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches allow for an exact placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an efficient extraction. The group head is not just able to allow you to place your portafilter easily however, it also keeps the same temperature. It does this by circulating hot water through the brew basket and around the portafilter to ensure that it's always at the right temperature to extract. It is important to remember that even a few degree variation can mean the difference between a decent and a excellent espresso. The Pump In contrast to manual piston machines which use a lever to pressurize water, Rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure required for espresso extraction. coffee and espresso machine is generated by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee. Pumps are typically less expensive than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, however both types of machines could get damaged through overuse and lack of cleaning. They also add mechanical complexity that can lead to a high price tag on even the simplest models. Some espresso machines make use of steam pressure instead of a pump to brew espresso. The drawback is that the same boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of water to the point of boiling and can result in excessive extraction. They also have to continuously rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time. A majority of espresso machines use an rotary or vibrating pump, with a vibration model that uses a vibrating disc to generate the pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds at high speed. Both models can make a great espresso, however the rotary models are quieter and more durable than vibration pumps. The Boiler The boiler is the component that heats water to the optimal temperature to extract. The steam created will eventually reach the portafilter, which holds the espresso grounds. The steam is then channeled into the cup. The steam creates pressure that pushes through the coffee grounds. This creates a foam on the top of the espresso. This is a sign of a good espresso. There are three types of espresso machines, each having different types of pumps and brew temperature. There are different ways in which the brew can be controlled as well as the size of the cup the machine can produce. The first espresso machines were steam-types. They had one boiler to create both brew and steam, however the pressure they were able to generate was low – only two bars of atmospheric pressure at most. This resulted in the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. The modern espresso machine was designed by the Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni. The most well-known espresso machine is a semiautomatic one with an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso machine. With a semi-automatic machine you grind the beans and then tamp them by hand. However, the pump regulates the flow of water and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and the mechanised consistency. The Filter Espresso machines typically have filters that separate the grounds of the coffee from the hot water. The filter is also a vital element of the temperature control system as it keeps the machine from overheating. It also helps with flavor as a filter lets you enjoy a longer bloom time. This lets the beans release their flavor and also allows for better extraction. However it is crucial to remember that even a good filter can result in a poor cup of coffee, because the quality of the beans and extraction is still crucial. This is where the magic happens, it's the thing that makes an espresso really taste good. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brewhead, is where the portafilter (the container you place the ground coffee in) is placed when making espresso. In an espresso machine that is driven by steam, hot water is heated in an airtight tank to create steam. This is then pushed through the grounds with high pressure. These machines are cheaper and are easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited to create the ideal conditions for brewing since they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars. In recent years, compressed air pump-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They make use of an air compressor to push hot water through the ground. They are also more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.